Tooth decay is one of the most common dental problems worldwide — and it’s not something to ignore. Cases of people needing dental treatment, or even hospitalization, due to severe decay are increasing. One of the main causes is neglecting essential oral hygiene practices. In this article, we’ll explore what causes tooth decay, how to recognize the symptoms, ways to prevent it, and the treatments available to restore your smile.
What Causes Tooth Decay?
The main cause behind tooth decay is the combination of the foods we eat and the bacteria that live in our mouths. Plaque—a sticky film that forms on the teeth—provides the perfect environment for bacteria to grow. As these bacteria multiply, they produce acids that attack the teeth, gradually wearing away the enamel (the protective outer layer). Over time, this leads to cavities.
Knowing the cause makes it easier to understand what to look out for — which brings us to the symptoms.
What are the symptoms?
Cavities or infected teeth can be early signs of tooth decay. Common symptoms include:
• Toothache or sensitivity
• Swollen gums
• Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
• White, gray, brown, or black spots on the teeth
If you notice any of these signs, visit your dentist promptly. Early treatment can save you from more serious dental problems later.
How can you avoid tooth decay?
The best way to prevent tooth decay is to maintain good oral hygiene and healthy habits:
• Brush your teeth twice a day—once in the morning and once before bed—using fluoride toothpaste.
• Floss once a day to remove food particles and plaque from between your teeth.
• Visit your dentist regularly for checkups (at least once or twice a year) so any problems can be detected early.
• Avoid snacking right before bedtime—food left on the teeth overnight increases the risk of cavities.
• Limit sugary foods and drinks, especially sweets, sugar-coated cereals, desserts, and sticky snacks like taffy and raisins, as they can cling to teeth and feed cavity-causing bacteria.
By practicing these habits consistently, you can greatly reduce your risk of cavities.
How is tooth decay treated?
Treatment depends on the severity of the decay:
• Fluoride treatments – If decay is caught early (before a cavity forms), brushing with fluoride toothpaste or getting professional fluoride treatments can help reverse the damage.
• Dental filling – If a cavity has formed, the dentist removes the decayed portion and fills it with a special material to restore the tooth’s shape and function.
• Dental crown – For more severe damage, a crown (cap) is placed over the tooth to protect it and restore strength.
• Root canal treatment – Needed when decay reaches the tooth’s pulp (inner tissue), removing infection and saving the tooth.
• Tooth extraction – If the tooth is too damaged to repair, it may need to be removed and replaced with a dental implant or bridge.
Professional Dental Care in Dearborn, MI
Lakewood Dental Smile in Dearborn, Michigan, is known for providing high-quality dental care in a friendly, comfortable setting. If you are experiencing tooth decay or any other dental issue, their experienced team can diagnose the problem and recommend the right treatment to restore your oral health and smile.
Tooth decay is preventable — and treatable — if you take the right steps. By understanding the causes, recognizing the symptoms early, practicing good dental care habits, and seeing your dentist regularly, you can keep your teeth healthy for years to come.
